Management of Nursing Services for Children with Covid-19 and Hospitalization in Special Wards & Operating Room and Psychological Consequences in Them: The Orginal Article

Covid-19 has broken all records in the field of infectious and pandemic diseases. Both in terms of the number of infected and deaths, and in terms of the geographical extent and depth of the conflict and the damage it inflicts on the body of different countries in the world. This virus was not taken seriously at first and this was the beginning of all the adventures that have involved the world in these few months. Every day, researchers make new findings about Corona, and in some cases, these findings are miles away from what we thought. In the difficult situation that the whole world is struggling with, along with the knowledge and efforts of experts and researchers, the serious determination of people to help break the transmission chain is very important and vital. Although there are notable exceptions, most evidence suggests that the risk of Covid-19 is much lower for children than for adults. Knowing the symptoms of corona in children can help parents and nurses to recognize the emergency warning signs and seek appropriate treatment. This article covers the symptoms of the corona virus in children, some possible complications and when to see a pediatrician. Data collected from China and the United States on children infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19, suggests that the risk of severe disease in children is lower than in adults. According to a study of 2752 children infected with Covid-19, only three died, and the main cause of death in each case is being investigated. Recent evidence suggests that hospitalization rates are higher among infants and some require treatment in the intensive care unit. More than 90% of children in China did not have any symptoms after contracting the corona virus and suffered from a mild illness. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

COVID-19 Detection Using Chest X-Ray Images Based on Deep Learning

Global public health will be severely impacted by the successive waves of emerging COVID-19 disease. Since 2019 people get sick and die in our daily lives placing a massive burden on our health system. One of the crucial factors that has led to the virus's fast spread is a protracted clinical testing gap before discovering of a positive or negative result. A detection system based on deep learning was developed by using chest X-ray(CXR) images of Covid19 patient and healthy people. In this regard the Convolution Neural Network along with other DNNs have been proved to produce good results. To improve the COVID-19 detection accuracy, we developed model using the deep learning(CNN) approach where we observed an accuracy of 96%. We validated the accuracy by using same dataset through a pretrained VGG16 model and an LSTM model which produced excellent reliable results. Our aim of this research is to implement a reliable Deep Learning model to detect presence of Covid-19 in case of limited availability of chest-Xray images.

Exploring NFκB pathway as a potent strategy to mitigate COVID-19 severe morbidity and mortality.

The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), for which there does not appear to be an approved cure, the primary treatment options consist of non-pharmacological preventive measures and supportive treatment that are aimed at halting the progression of the disease. Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) presents a promising therapeutic opportunity to mitigate COVID-19-induced cytokine storm and reduce the risk of severe morbidity and mortality resulting from the disease. However, the effective clinical application of NFkB modulators in COVID-19 is hampered by a number of factors that must be taken into consideration. This paper therefore explored the modulation of the NFB pathway as a potential strategy to mitigate the severe morbidity and mortality caused by COVID-19. The paper also discusses the factors that form the barrier, and it offers potential solutions to the various limitations that may impede the clinical use of NFkB modulators against COVID-19. This paper revealed and identified three key potential solutions for the future clinical use of NFkB modulators against COVID-19. These solutions are pulmonary tissue-specific NFkB blockade, agents that target common regulatory proteins of both canonical and non-canonical NFkB pathways, and monitoring clinical indicators of hyperinflammation and cytokine storm in COVID-19 prior to using NFkB modulators.

Prevalence of breastfeeding and birth practices during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic within the Italian baby- friendly hospital network. what have we learned?

Background. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers were faced with difficult decisions about maternity care practices. The evidence-based practices recommended by the WHO/UNICEF Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) were confirmed by Italian national guidance. Aim. To describe, in a number of facilities that are part of a national Baby-Friendly network, the adherence to some steps of BFHI standards during the COVID-19 emergency. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey, inviting all hospitals interested in the Initiative, to fill out a semi-structured questionnaire. Results. Out of the 68 participating hospitals, 30.9% were hubs and 69.1% spokes. During May 2020, 61.8% of hospitals had COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 clinical pathways, while 38.8% were only non-COVID-19. None was dedicated exclusively to COVID-19 pathways. The BFHI was effective in guaranteeing 80% exclusive breastfeeding, the presence of companion of mother's choice, skin-to-skin and rooming-in. The type of accreditation was associated with the presence of a companion of the mother's choice during labour (p=0.022) and with skin-to-skin (p < 0.001). According to the narratives. increased interpersonal distance made interactions with mothers difficult and the absence of a birth companion was reported as a major issue. Discussion and conclusions. The BFHI is a highly-structured, evidence-based care model. Investing in strong collaborative care approaches contributes to hospitals' preparedness.

Cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19 in a 46-year-old man

The coetaneous manifestations related to COVID-19 including erythematous rash, urticaria, livedo reticular is, vesicular lesions, and chilblain-like lesions. In some COVID patients, in addition to the common symptoms of Covid 19, may occur at the same time as the cutaneous manifestations. In some COVID patient's coetaneous manifestations arise before the signs and symptoms more commonly associated with COVID-19. So, these cetaceous manifestations have diagnostic or prognostic value. In this article we presented a case of cutaneous manifestations related to covid-19

Chest CT findings in patients with COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

In this work, we evaluated computed tomography (CT) results of the chest in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Preliminary articles were searched in the scientific databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCO between 2019 to 2021. Fixed-effect model for meta-analysis using the inverse-variance method calculates effect size with 95% confidence interval (CI). Data analysis was performed using STATA software version 16. Overall effect size of Ground glass opacities (GGO) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was 2.30 (ES, 95% CI 1.56, 3.3). Ground-glass opacity was a typical finding in COVID-19 pneumonia on CT;its incidence was about 80%. Abnormal CT in patients with COVID-19 was 2.69 (ES, 95% CI 2.52, 2.87). Ground-glass opacity is the foremost typical CT scan result in coronavirus disease 2019, and lung involvement is more common in bilateral and lower lung areas.

Innovative Nanotechnology a Boon for Fight Against Pandemic COVID–19

COVID – 19 is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV2). The rate at which COVID – 19-virus spread from epidemic to pandemic within a short period is quite alarming. As of July 2020, the Dashboard of the World Health Organization (WHO) recorded over 15 million COVID – 19 cases across 213 countries, with mortality of over 620,000. The governments and healthcare agencies responsible for mitigating the virus's spread have adopted several strategies to end the pandemic. However, all hands were on deck to establish the standard treatment modalities of SARS-CoV-2 through inventing new drugs, vaccine candidates, or repurposing the existing medicines and robust diagnostic tools, in addition to other technological innovations. Therefore, nanotechnology’s employment would play a vital role in bringing multidisciplinary ways of developing affordable, reliable, and powerful tools for diagnosis, in addition to personal protection and effective medicines. Additionally, nanosensors' application would significantly aid the diagnoses of the COVID–19 even on asymptomatic patients, and thus would be an essential means for determining its prevalence. Likewise, nanoscale fibers can optimize personal equipment protection and allow their reusability for medical and economic benefits. Accordingly, the literature was intensively reviewed by searching for the combinations of the research keywords in the official scientific databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Hence, this research highlighted the perspective contributions of nanotechnology in the war against the COVID-19 pandemic. Copyright © 2021 Shehu, Auwal, Musa, Mukhtar, Yusuf, Yau, Muhammad, Baba Dala, Sani, Ahmad and Islam.

<i>Chlorella vulgaris Supplementation as Mineral Source of Zinc and Selenium to Improve the Quality of Goat Milk as Health Drink in COVID-19 Pandemy

Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris contains micronutrients such as mineral zinc and selenium having role to produce antibody and improve body immunity. However, the impact of Chlorella vulgaris supplementation to goat milks’s chemical compositions has not being well documented. This research’s objective is to identify Chlorella vulgaris suppmentation as zinc and selenium source to improve goat milk’s quality as health drink in COVID-19 pandemy. Fifteen Etawah cross breed or Peranakan Etawa (PE) goats groupped into 5 treatments dan 3 repetitions. The goats were fed with grass, tofu waste and tempe waste. Chlorella supplement is fed to treated goat feed every day with level 0g (P0 = control), 2, 5g (P1), 5g (P2), 7, 5g (P3), and 10g (P4). The research’s result shows that zinc content in goat milk increase 2, 12 ppm or 24, 67%, while selenium increase 0, 08 mcg or 5, 5% after getting supplementation of Chlorella 10g/goat/day (P4). The provision of Chlorella also increase as solids total, protein and milk fat. Milk production increased by 28, 36% with Chlorella vulgaris supplements (P4). Based on the results of this study it can be stated that Chlorella vulgaris supplementation in goat PE feed can be used as a source of natural zinc and selenium minerals to improve the quality of goat milk as a health drink to increase body immunity, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic.